Conky For Mac

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This article will describe installing conky which is a system monitor tool running as desktop widget.

Table of Contents

  • 2. ${HOME}/.conkyrc

1 Install conky

I think Conky would be a huge hit with Mac users. Ars Praetorian Registered: Apr 19, 2004. Posted: Wed May 13, 2009 3:03 pm. Conky is a system monitor for X originally based on torsmo. Since its inception, Conky has changed significantly from its predecessor, while maintaining simplicity and configurability. Conky can display just about anything, either on your root desktop or in its own window.

2 ${HOME}/.conkyrc

${HOME}/.conkyrc is config file for conky.config and conky.text. You can also use /etc/conky/conky.conf.

  • CPU core number is started from 1 (cpu0 means average of cores). Add entry of ${cpu cpuN} for your cpu cores.
  • The following command treats eth0 as network interface name. Change your network interface name of ifconfig.

2.1 Always foreground .conkyrc

2.2 Always background .conkyrc

3 Autostart

Make conky to be start automatically on login. You can use gnome-display-properties instead of the following command.

Reboot machine.

4 Execution result

The conky widget is displayed on desktop.

MacConkey agar (MAC) was the first solid differential media to be formulated which was developed at 20th century by Alfred Theodore MacConkey. MacConkey agar is a selective and differential media used for the isolation and differentiation of non-fastidious gram-negative rods, particularly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genus Pseudomonas.

Composition of MacConkey Agar

IngredientsAmount
Peptone (Pancreatic digest of gelatin) 17 gm
Proteose peptone (meat and casein) 3 gm
Lactose monohydrate 10 gm
Bile salts 1.5 gm
Sodium chloride 5 gm
Neutral red 0.03 gm
Crystal Violet 0.001 g
Agar 13.5 gm
Distilled WaterAdd to make 1 Liter

Final pH 7.1 +/- 0.2 at 25 degrees C.

Principle of MacConkey Agar

MacConkey agar is used for the isolation of gram-negative enteric bacteria and the differentiation of lactose fermenting from lactose non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria. Pancreatic digest of gelatin and peptones (meat and casein) provide the essential nutrients, vitamins and nitrogenous factors required for growth of microorganisms. Lactose monohydrate is the fermentable source of carbohydrate. The selective action of this medium is attributed to crystal violet and bile salts, which are inhibitory to most species of gram-positive bacteria. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance in the medium. Neutral red is a pH indicator that turns red at a pH below 6.8 and is colorless at any pH greater than 6.8. Agar is the solidifying agent.

Uses of MacConkey Agar

  1. MacConkey agar is used for the isolation of gram-negative enteric bacteria.
  2. It is used in the differentiation of lactose fermenting from lactose non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.
  3. It is used for the isolation of coliforms and intestinal pathogens in water, dairy products and biological specimens.
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Preparation of MacConkey Agar

  1. Suspend 49.53 grams of dehydrated medium in 1000 ml purified/distilled water.
  2. Heat to boiling to dissolve the medium completely.
  3. Sterilize by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121°C) for 15 minutes.
  4. Cool to 45-50°C.
  5. Mix well before pouring into sterile Petri plates.

Result Interpretation on MacConkey Agar

Lactose fermenting strains grow as red or pink and may be surrounded by a zone of acid precipitated bile. The red colour is due to production of acid from lactose, absorption of neutral red and a subsequent colour change of the dye when the pH of medium falls below 6.8.

Lactose non-fermenting strains, such as Shigella and Salmonella are colourless and transparent and typically do not alter appearance of the medium. Yersinia enterocolitica may appear as small, non-lactose fermenting colonies after incubation at room temperature.

Colony Morphology on MacConkey Agar

Organism

Colour

Remarks

Escherichia coli

red/pink

non-mucoid

Aerobacter aerogenes

pink

mucoid

Enterococcus species

red

minute, round

Staphylococcus species

pale pink

opaque

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

green-brown

fluorescent growth

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Limitations of MacConkey Agar

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  1. The colonial characteristics described give presumptive identification only of the isolated organisms. It is necessary to subculture and carry out confirmation tests for final identification.
  2. Some strains may be encountered that grow poorly or fail to grow on this medium.
  3. Incubation of MacConkey Agar plates under increased CO2 has been reported to reduce growth and recovery of a number of strains of Gram-negative bacilli.
  4. Some strains of Proteus may swarm on this medium.

References

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  1. Austin Community College, 5930 Middle Fiskville Rd., Austin, Texas
  2. ASM Microbe Library: MacConkey Agar Plates Protocols
  3. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Dehydrated Culture Media: MacConkey Agar
  4. Acumedia Manufacturers: MacConkey Agar
  5. HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Technical data: MacConkey Agar
  6. Hardy Diagnostics: MacConkey Agar
  7. Science Prof Online (SPO): MacConkey Agar
  8. Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, 1998.
  9. Collin County Community College District.
  10. Microbe Online
  11. Wikipedia